Early Life and Education

Portrait of Mykhailo Hrushevsky (1866–1934), historian and politician, head of the Central Rada and founder of the Ukrainian People’s Republic.

Mykhailo Hrushevsky (1866–1934) was a prominent Ukrainian historian, politician, writer, and public figure, often called the “father of Ukrainian history.”

He was born on September 29, 1866, in the village of Bila (today Ternopil region, Ukraine). He studied at Lviv University and later attended lectures at Heidelberg and Berlin Universities.

In 1899, Hrushevsky published his first major historical work, “Ukrainian History in Rus’ Historiography,” which brought him wide recognition and established him as a leading Ukrainian historian.

Political Career

In 1907, Hrushevsky was elected to the Galician Sejm, where he became leader of the Ukrainian faction and an active promoter of Ukrainian culture and education.

After World War I, he became one of the key leaders of the Ukrainian Central Rada, which declared Ukraine’s independence in 1918. Hrushevsky served as head of the Central Rada and played a central role in building the Ukrainian People’s Republic (UPR).

After the defeat of Ukrainian forces by the Red Army, Hrushevsky was forced into exile in Czechoslovakia.

Academic Achievements

Throughout his life, Hrushevsky published over 400 scholarly works and books. He was one of the most important researchers of Ukrainian history, culture, and folklore.

He founded and led the Shevchenko Scientific Society, which became a major intellectual and research center for Ukraine.

In his academic work, Hrushevsky relied on original sources such as letters and archival documents. He provided deep analysis of the social, economic, and cultural life of the Ukrainian people.

Exile and Later Life

In 1922, Hrushevsky moved to Prague, where he became one of the most respected figures in the Ukrainian émigré community. He continued his research, gave lectures, and defended Ukrainian culture and national rights abroad.

He passed away in 1934 in Prague.

Legacy

Mykhailo Hrushevsky is remembered not only as a historian but also as a writer, political leader, and cultural activist. His name became a symbol of national dignity and freedom for Ukrainians.

His historical works and literary contributions remain valuable treasures of Ukrainian culture and science.